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Furthermore, Serbia responded well to the challenges posed by the public health crisis of COVID-19. There was a significant investment in the health sector, with the purchase of consumables, medical equipment, and the construction of three completely new COVID hospitals, two new and several renovated laboratories for molecular diagnostic of COVID 19. Strengthening the health sector with the aim of improving access to quality public health care for all citizens is one of the priority tasks of the Republic of Serbia (RS). Serbia is moderately prepared for health-related emergencies. In the coming year, it should strengthen the overall managerial capacity, human resources and financial sustainability of the health system. In the area of public health, legislation on healthcare is partly aligned with the EU acquis. The national plan for human resources in the health sector has still not been implemented, while the number of physicians leaving the country still remains high. According to the EU Progress Report for 2020, the EU-funded centralized electronic health record system is still not used and compliance with EU health indicators is not yet ensured. On serious cross-border health threats, including communicable diseases, the surveillance and response capacity remains limited and needs to be modernized. A centralized health information and communication system has yet to be implemented. Harmonizing Serbian legislation with the Directive on the application of patients’ rights in cross-border healthcare has yet to be completed. An e-health unit at the Ministry of Health should be established to coordinate the complex activities involved in setting up a comprehensive health information system at all levels of care. Additional work is needed on using laboratory data for surveillance; on quality and biosafety and biosecurity management systems and on strengthening diagnostic capacities. This will include the reconstruction and upgrade of the laboratories that are part of the Ministry of Health network in the context of an increased health system resilience to emergencies. Serbia has a good primary health care structure with 158 primary health care centers (PHCs) in each municipality with links to local self-governments, which creates a solid base for response to potential emergencies. Nevertheless, there is a need to work on capacity building and better connectivity with all local partners, including the civil sector, which can make a significant contribution in responding to emergencies. To support the Government of Serbia in overcoming challenges in the functioning and of the national health system, the EU entrusted UNDP with the implementation of the “EU for a More Responsive Healthcare System” Project. UNDP will implement the Project in close coordination with the partner agency – WHO. The Project lasts four years and will enable the reconstruction of the Biosafety Level two laboratories and implementation of the Laboratory Quality Management System, public health upgrade of Disaster Risk Register, development of procedures for reacting in emergencies, the establishment of the eHealth system and effective risk communication and community engagement.
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